Her essay is long, but -- as always -- worth reading.
One conclusion:
"Congress was thinking about former slaves, not immigration, whether legal or illegal, when it drafted the 14th Amendment. Indeed, it could not have been thinking about immigration, because, before 1882, the wide open, primarily agrarian, income-tax free and welfare-free United States had no immigration laws."
This photo seems tangentially related. I saw the little shoe on a tree outside my polling place.